The Manual - G.A. Pettigiani - 2010

[Rein]

Type "G" or rayado horizontal is supposed to have been introduced in 1951 and to have an English origin. The description of the watermark and assigning it type IV makes it a quite separate group of paper! Assigning it trama Z does not help much either....

Pettigiani does not mention any commemoratives just an Airmail stamp [MT 26A the 1 peso] but we should have a closer look at:

1954 13.07 Commercial Exchange Market in photogravure
1954 26.08 Cereals Exchange Market in photogravure

amongst others

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[Rein]

The Rayos Rectos are considered to be the more easier of all.

Type H is rayos rectos difusos, probably of Italian origin. Just as the rayos rectos nitidos which is type I of Pettigiani.

It is strange that they are classified in 2 different types of watermark: VII and VIII respectively....

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[Rein]

The Italian paper mill of Cartiere Pietro Miliani in Fabriano, Italy had been responsible for earlier deliveries of paper to Argentina - starting in 1915 - both for the production of postage stamps and banknotes.

Should they have been responsible for the 2 types of Rayos Rectos it would be highly unlikely that they had had 2 different dandy-rolls.

Assigning different types of watermark [design] for the Difusos and the Nitidos make this assumption questionable!

How well can we recognize the watermark design in the Difusos???

Don't we realize that both types of paper have in common the vertical distance between 2 alternate rows of suns! Both have 35mm instead of 30mm! Only these two types of paper have 35mm!!!!!

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[Rein]

Argentina is the only country in the world where its philatelists have noticed the differences between the plain weave and there twill weave - without knowing the technical explanation - by distinguishing "granulado/grené" and "rayado"!

This has to be stated at least once!


rc2780

[Rein]

The asymmetrical paper mesh - the type of trama that will accompany the trama [plain weave] that was omnipresent since the 1860-ies - does NOT occur in Argentina stamps before 1943!

17.02.1944:




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[Rein]

17.07.1944:






the yellow lines represent the breaking of the gum!

When turning your head so the blue lines are horizontal you will find the other, parallel lines as well!


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[Rein]

Coated papers - papel tizado

The coated papers have always been problematic for various reasons. One - the coating it self being an obstacle in seeing the structure of the wire and the design of the watermark, two - not always having the certainty that the paper had been coated.

The old philatelist tool - the silver coin that is leaving black traces on chalky paper - may seem to work but is also a destructive method diminishing the value of the stamp. I would prefer not to use it at all.

Paper can get a more smooth surface by calandering - rubbing the paper by means of cylinders and thus improving the printing quality of the surface. This is called satinado in Spanish and there is no applying of an extra layer or coating involved...

Applying an extra layer usually gets done apart from the very paper making itself. It can be done much later in a completely different environment.

The Argentina stamp papers with a coating that had been used for the P&R I series have all been made abroad - so only the imported papers will have it. Since 1963 the papers made by the Zárate paper mills got coated and this had been done by a specialized firm elsewhere in Argentina!


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[Rein]

Pettigiani recognizes 4 groups of coated paper:

J - a combination of 3 [?] types of imported paper that all have an orthogonal watermark but cannot always be split up or assigned to a particular subtype. For collectors who may get frustrated the overall "J" has been defined.

K - rayado vertical of English origin like the uncoated type of paper! But coated now!

L - Tela, also of English origin like the uncoated type of paper! But coated now!

M - Delgado, the very thin paper that was thought to be impossible! Also of English origin.

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[Rein]

J combines 3 types according to Pettigiani:

JA - the paper, problaby of Dutch origin, that is reminescent of the other two papers of alleged Dutch origin - C and D - as to the design of the watermark.

It has been used for the 1939 UPU Congress stamps a.o.

As to the P&R I stamps: NOT the 1c Sarmiento!, but for the 5c Moreno and the 10c Rivadavia!

This can only be a mistake! Not reading Leopoldo Tenorio Casal OR disagreeing with him and then coming up with good arguments! The fact the Eduardo Williams has studied thousands of stamps does not consist one. It is the quality that counts not the quantity! I have heard this reasoning being used against me several times here in the Foro!

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[Rein]

JB - the USA paper that combines both the rayado and the granulado!

It is supposed to have started in 1939 for the 5c Moreno and the 10c Rivadavia.

As with watermark type IV it should look like paper types G, JC and M! We'll see....

Apart from these 5c and 10c it should also have been used for the 1c Sarmiento and the 5c San Martin [1945]. Not forgetting the 30c Lanas, the 1p sin limites, the 2p Frutas and the 20p Cotton. The reference point for the commemoratives are the 1943 June Revolution stamps....

There are a few more stamps with this type of paper - Airmails - but the picture is clear.

The watermark is orthogonal, the paper mesh is symmetrical [!] but not with the usual density of about 30/20 but with 30/16!!!!! It could have been assigned - wrongly - a special type of Trama like the Tela [having the 24/20 density].

the 1939 5c and 10 have nothing to do with it!

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[Rein]

The 30c Lanas printed on coated paper with an orthogonal watermark, asymmetrical paper mesh, mesh gauge 30/16 [!], paper direction parallel to the long side of the stamp = "M", the type of paper introduced in 1943 for the stamps commemorated the 4th of June 1943 Revolution. It has to be studied whether the definitives got printed before or after that "glorious" event???










when you count the horizontal - in this picture - lines you will come up at 16 per cm!

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[Rein]

30c:




50c:




This type of paper had been used in 1943 for the 4th of June Revolution stamps (all face values, the 5c however also exists on other types of paper).

The coating looks very peculiar as you can see the pattern of the wire from the front of the stamp!

to be continued ...

[Rein]

1943 June Revolution:










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[Rein]

The 5c Moreno in typography on USA paper:





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[Rein]

The 1c Sarmiento:










This is NOT a rayado!

to be continued....