Ivan Orloff

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Ivan Orloff

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Patent
https://www.google.ch/patents/US632322

MULTlCOLOR-PRINTING PRESS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 632,322, dated September 5, 1899.

Application filed June 3, 1897. Serial No. 639,200. (No model.)

To In whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, IVAN ORLOFF, a subject of the Emperor of Russia, residing, at St. Petersburg, Russia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Multicolor- Printing Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to devices for multicolor printing in which separate color plates or patterns, one for each color, are inked by separate inking-rollers and the designs of the said color plates or patterns transferred to and assembled on a common printing-plate, from which the printing on a sheet of paper or other suitable material is effected by one impression.

The objects of my invention are, first, to provide means for transferring the several designs of the color plates or patterns to the common printing-plate in an absolutely unchanged condition and with absolute accuracy in a predetermined relative position with respect to each other in order to obtain a perfect register of the colors, and, second, to avoid mutual fouling or clouding of the colors in order to keep the colors clean, even though continuously running the press.

The general object of my invention is therefore to render the said multicolor-printing machines applicable to fine or art work hitherto exclusively performed by successively printing the several colors from individual printing-plates.

In order to plainly illustrate the merits of my invention above similar methods hitherto suggested, I shall first fully disclose the technical effects of my improved method before describing the devices for carrying out the same represented in the accompanying drawings.

In order to secure a perfect register of the colors assembled on the printing-plate, the several designs of the color-plates must be transferred to the printing-plate in an unchanged condition and applied thereto accurately in a determined relative position with respect to each other. I attain this perfectly by using hard color-plates and a hard printin g-plate not liable to yield'under the pressure of the press,by mounting both the color-plates and the printing-plates on one and the same carrier, and by transferring the design of each color-plate to the common printing-plate by means of an elastic transfer-roller rolling over the color-plate and over the printing-plate without any sliding movement and meeting the same each time in the same relative positions. The result of this arrangement is as follows: The elastic roller being susceptible of a close contact with the hard color-plate,

as well as with the hard printing-plate, the

color will be perfectly and uniformly transferred from the former to the latter, and as both plates have a hard surface the design of the color-plate Will be sharply reproduced on the transfer-roller and likewise the design of the printing-plate sharply printed on the paper. However, the picture reproduced on the transfer-roller slightly differs from its original, as the elastic transfer-roller undergoes a deformation in the line of Contact with the hard color-plate and receives the picture 3' ust in that line and in its deformed condition; but as only rolls over the same without sliding, the picture is always received by the roller on the same part of its surface and likewise always delivered by the roller to the same part of the printing-plate. If therefore a plurality of color-plates is provided onthe carrier in a fixed position with respect to each other and to the printing-plate, the design of each colorplate will be transferred to its proper position on the printing-plate. Thus the several colorplates having been arranged each in a proper position with respect to the printing-plate the respective color designs will be transferred to the printing-plate in a perfectlyregistering condition and finally printed in the same condition on the paper.

A great inconvenience inherent in the methods hitherto suggested for printing'in colors consists in that by the successive superimposition of different colors in a moist condition the single colors foul or cloud each other in a short time and so more and more modify the color tones required unless the plates and rollers are frequently cleaned, involving frequent stopping of the press and much loss of time. In the preferred form of my invention I overcome this inconvenience by combining with each color-plate a separate transfer-roller and assemble the colors only on a hard printing-surface. Thus in the three-color process, for instance, yellow is never transferred back to the red-color plate nor yellow and red to the blue-color plate, as would be the case by using a common transfer-roller, and the colors of the several color-plates are kept clean. Moreover, the retransfer of colors from the printing-plate back to the transfer-rollers is insignificant, as at each impression a complete compensation is effected by the clean colors supplied from each color-plate to its respective transfer-roller.- On the one hand, the supply of color to the printing-plate is obviously but a part of that to the transfer-rollers, so that only a small quantity of color could be transferred back, and, on the other hand, the tendency of passing of colors from the hard printing-plate to the elastic transferrolleris much less than the reverse. By these combined facts mutual fouling or clouding of the colors is practically prevented, and in such a perfect manner that even though a press provided with my invention is continuously run for several hours without cleaning the plates or rollers the last impression will show the very same tone of colors as the first one. There may be assembled two or more colors on one transfer-roller when by the character and the distribution of colors of the respective designs mutual fouling of the colors can be prevented. This modification is preferably made use of for producing very complicated colored designs.

The colorplates are made of any hard material, preferably of metal, and may be plain or provided with designs in relief or intaglio. They are inked by the well-known means. The printing-surface is likewise restricted to be a hard one, but may in other respects be of any material and be either plain or provided with a raised or sunken design.

When using a plain printing-surface, the colored designs of the color-plates .are simply transferred to the printing-plate and to the paper, showing mere copies of the original de signs; but if the printing-surface itself is provided with a design the impression on the paper will show this design in the different colors corresponding to the designs of the color-plates. Two kinds of design different in form will then appear 011 the paper, the one consisting of the design of the printing-plate and the other being composed of the designs of the color-plates applied to and constituting the printed parts of the first design. By these means there will be combined in the final impression the design of the printing-surface and those of the color-plates, and by combining the same infinitely-Varying effects may be attained not attainable by consecutive printing. In art reproduction-say in the three-color process, for instance the color plates may consist of the three primary halftone plates for red, blue, and yellow and the printing-form of a plain surface or likewise of a half-tone plate or other engraved plat-e.

By using color-plates and a printing-plate consisting of surfaces of zinc or aluminium or of lithographic stones my invention is rendered applicable to chromolithographic printing.

The elastic transfer-rollers may be made of any suitable material, such as usual ro1ler composition, leather, india-rubber, and the like.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 shows in diagram the invention applied to a rotary press. Fig. 2 is a similar view of the invention embodied in a flat-bed cylinder press. Figs. 3, 4, and 5 are side and end views of so much of a rotary machine as'is necessary to illustrate the operation of the cams and color and transfer-rolls. Fig. 6 is a development of the surface of the cylinder shown in Fig. 3. Fig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 6, but showing a different arrangement of cams; and Figs. 8 and 9 are plan and side views of so much of a flatbed machine as is necessary to illustrate the operation of the cams and the color and transfer-rolls. In the said drawings I have restricted myself to show only the new arrangement of parts forming my invention and have omitted such particular means as are well known in multicolorprinting presses and therefore not claimed by me.

Referring firstto Figs. 3, 4, 5, and 6, E is the form-cylinder, carrying on its surface the color plates or patterns A B O D and the printing form or plate g and connected by a gear E to the impression-cylinder F, Fig. 1, provided with grippers and a backing on section h. The color-plates are inked in the several colors by inking-rollers a b c d, to which ink is supplied from ink-fountains e by means of sets of rollers 1 2 3 4t 5. The colors are transferred from the color-plates to the printingplate by means of the transfer-rollers Z, having gears continuously meshing with the gear of the form-cylinder. In the drawing Fig. 1 I have represented but two transfer-rollers. However, the arrangement shown is susceptible of alarger number of such rollers, four being shown, for instance, in Figs. 3, 4, and 5. The rollers a l) c d 70 l m n are temporarily kept in contact or out of contact with the plates A B G D g by cams a b c d 70 Z m'n, cooperating with disks a b c d 70" Z m 42', mounted on the shafts of the respective rollers. The said shafts are journaled so as to To this purpose the spring-actuated disk-carrying ends of the rollers are journaled in slotted bearings a b 0 d Z m a and the opposite ends are given a slight play in their bearings, or the bearings of the latter may be pivotally arranged. By these means the gear-wheels Zc Z of the transfer-rollers 70 Z remain in engagement with the gear E of the form-cylinder, even in their lifted position, and a perfect register is always secured. In order to prevent shocks, the several cams are tapered at their ends. In the regular construction and working of the press the several rollers are actuated with reference to Figs. 1 and 3 to o, as follows: Cylinders E F, Fig. 1, are continuously revolving, and at each revolution roller a, Figs. 3 to 6, is low ered onto color-plates A, 1) onto B, 0 onto 0, and (Z onto D, and then lifted, each colorplate being thus inked in its individual color.

As color-plate A approaches transfer-roller 7c the latter is lowered onto the plate to receive therefrom the colored design and then lifted again until printing-plate g approaches the roller, and then is lowered a second time in order to transfer the colored design to the printing-plate. Likewise the second transfer-roller Z is brought into contact with buttplates B and g, the third roller m with buttplates 0 and g, and the fourth roller with butt-plates D and g. As the printing-plate g, with the assembled colors, reaches cylinder F, the multicolor impression takes place on the paper placed on section h. Fig. 7 shows a cam arrangement corresponding to Fig. 1, in which but two transfer-rollers 70 Z are made use of, roller is transferring the colored designs from plates A and B, and roller Z those from plates 0 and D, to the printing-plate g. The cams m n of Fig. 7 may then be dispensed with; but I have indicated such cams showing no interruption as a means for allowing of the same operation as in Fig. 1 even if employing more than two transferrollers, the rollers not to be used thus being rendered inoperative.

Fig. 2 shows a modification of Fig. 1 applied to a flat-bed stop-cylinder press of usual construction. The bed G is provided with the color-plates A B and with the printing-plate g. a, b are the color-plate-inking rollers and 7t Zthe transfer-rollers engaging with the bedrack H. The several rollers are lowered and lifted by suitable cams, rollers ZtZ thereby continuously .remaining in engagement with the rack in order to register with the plates,

while the register of the impression-cylinder is secured by the rack H, as well known in stop-cylinder presses. The rollers are actuated as follows: Roller Ct is lowered only onto color-plate A and 1) only onto color-plate ]3 whenever the said plates pass underneath the respective rollersthat is to say, in the to-and-fro movement of the bed-these movements being controlled by cams a b, as usual. Rollers 7c and Zare preferably lowered only at the left-hand stroke of the bed and kept lifted from the plates during the with plates g and B right-hand stroke of the bed. For this purpose, besides the cams Z0 Z3 and Z Z Z and the disks 70 Z corresponding therewith, the slotted bearings for the spring-actuated shaft ends of rollers 7c Z are provided in a lever 19, pivoted to the framework and actuated by a continuously-revolving cam-disk q, a roller 0" of lever bearing against the edge of disk q. The latter performs one revolution during the to-an d-fro' movement of the bed in such manner that the reduced portion of the cam-disk passes underneath roller 7" during the lefthand stroke of the bed, rollers 70 Z then being in a condition to freely cooperate with their controlling-cams 7t 70 and Z, Z, and Z respectively; but as the bed is moved toward the right the projecting portion of cam-disk q passes underneath roller 0", and lever 10 is thereby kept in a raised position, so as to prevent rollers 70 Z being lowered during the right-hand strokes of the bed. As the bed begins its stroke toward the left roller is is lowered onto the printing-plate g and onto the color-plate A roller Z is lowered onto the printing-plate then lifted during the passage of color-plates A and lowered again when reached by color-plate B The impression takes plates at the same stroke of the bed as soon as printing-plate g reaches the impression-cylinder F. During the following right-hand stroke of the bed the impression-cylinder is stopped and rollers ZcZ are kept inoperative in their lifted position. From this it will be clear that when starting the press at the first left-hand stroke of the bed no impression will take place, but only the designs of the color-plates will be delivered to the respective transfer-cylinders. At the beginning of the next left-hand stroke of the bed the designs will then be transferred from the transfer-cylinders to the printingplate and printed on the paper, while at the same stroke the transfer-cylinders will again receive the colored designs from the colorplates thus ready to transfer the same to the printing-plate at the beginning of the third left-hand stroke of the bed, and so on. For more common work rollers 70 Z may be made likewise operative during the right-hand stroke of the bed, but obviously with the same restrictions that roller 70 works together only with plates g and A and roller Z only The modifications referred to with respect to Fig. l are obviously applicable to the present arrangement.

Having described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 1s-- 1. In a multicolor-printing press, the combinationwith an impression cylinder or member, of a support or carrier having a printingplate and a plurality of color-plates affixed thereto, inking devices for applying colors to the color-plates, and one or more transferrolls for transferring the several colors from the color-plates to the printing-plate, said printing-platc being arranged to coact with the impression cylinder or member, substantially as described.

2. In a multicolor-printing press, the combination with animpression cylinder or member, of a movable support or carrier having a it printing-plate and a plurality of color-plates afiixed thereto, inking devices including rolls for applying colors to the color-plates, means for moving said inking-rolls at proper intervals into contact with their respective colorplates and one or more transfer-rolls for transferrin g the several colors from the colorplates to the printing-plate, said printingplate being arranged to coact with the impression cylinder or member, substantially as described.

3. In a multicolor-printing press, the combination with an impression cylinder or member, of a revolving cylindrical support or carrier having a printing-plate and a plurality of color-plates affixed thereto, inking devices for applying different colors to the colorplates, and one or more transfer-rolls for transferring the several colors from the colorplates to the printing-plate, said printingplate being arranged to coact with the impression cylinder or member, substantially as described.

4. In a multicolor-printing press, the combination with an impression cylinder or member, of a support or carrier having a printingplate and a plurality of color-plates affixed thereto, inking-rollers for applying colors to the color-plates, transfer-rolls for transferring the several colors from the color-plates to the printing-plate, and means for moving the inking-rolls and the transfer-rolls to and from the pat-h of movement of the printingplate and color-plates, substantially as described.

5. In a multicolor-printing press, the combination with an impression cylinder or member, of a support or carrier having a hard printing-plate and a plurality of hard colorplates affixed thereto, inking devices for applying colors to the color-plates, and one or bination with a support or carrier having a printing-plate and a plurality of color-plates mounted thereon in fixed relation to each other, of one or more transfer-rolls geared to said support or carrier and arranged totransfer colors from said color-plates to the printing-plate, substantially as described.

7. In a multicolor-printing press, the combination with a movable support or carrier having a printing-plate and a plurality of color-plates thereon in fixed relation to each other, of one or more transfer-rolls permanently geared to said support or carrier, and means for moving said transfer roll or rolls into and out of the path of said plates at proper intervals without interrupting the gearing of said rolls with the carrier, substantially as described.

8. In a multicolor-printing press, the combination with an impression cylinder or member, of a support or carrier having a printingplate and a plurality of color-plates carried in fixed relation thereon, inking devices for applying colors to the color-plates, one or more transfer rolls in permanent engagement by means of gearing with said support or carrier, and cams arranged upon said support or carrier and adapted to move the transfer-rolls to and from the said plates at proper intervals without interrupting their geared engagement with the carrier, su bstantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

IVAN ORLOFF.

\Vitnesses:

N. TSCHEVALOFF, J. BLAU.
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